在 Ubuntu 18.04 透過 postfix 來使用 Gmail 寄信

以下內容是參考 https://kifarunix.com/configure-postfix-to-use-gmail-smtp-on-ubuntu-18-04/

首先安裝一下 postfix 與 mailutils

$ sudo apt install postfix mailutils

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安裝過程設定使用 Internet site: Mail is sent and received directly using SMTP.

安裝後修改 /etc/postfix/main.cf

relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtp_tls_security_level = encrypt
smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

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修改 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd 加入密碼

[smtp.gmail.com]:587 userid@gmail.com:password

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應用程式密碼可以在 https://myaccount.google.com/apppasswords 產生

使用 postmap 產生 db

$ sudo postmap /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
$ ls /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd*
/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd  /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db

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變更 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd* 權限

$ sudo chown root:root /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd*
$ sudo chmod 600 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd*

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設定完成後重啟 postfix

$ service postfix reload

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最後寫一封信寄給自己看看有沒有成功收到

$ echo "This is a test mail." | mail -s "test mail" userid@gmail.com

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